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1.
Value Health Reg Issues ; 30: 100-108, 2022 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35334253

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of immediate skin-to-skin contact compared with early skin-to-skin contact in the prevalent neonatal morbidity of the low-risk newborn in Colombia. METHODS: A cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted. The perspective of the third payer (health system) was used, and the time horizon was the first month of life. Low-risk term infants were included at birth. The cost estimate was obtained from an expert consensus and a retrospective cohort of neonates hospitalized in a neonatal unit. The effectiveness of the interventions was obtained from a clinical trial and was defined as an avoided case of hospitalization. A decision tree was built, and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was calculated. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses of the effects and costs were performed. RESULTS: Early skin-to-skin contact was a dominated intervention. In the probabilistic sensitivity analyses, early skin-to-skin contact was not an option to choose in any scenario and it was dominated in 68% of the simulations. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that early skin-to-skin contact is a dominated intervention. From an economic perspective, immediate skin-to-skin contact is a desired intervention for the prevention of prevalent diseases of the low-risk newborn at birth.


Assuntos
Hospitalização , Estudos de Coortes , Colômbia , Análise Custo-Benefício , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Estudos Retrospectivos
2.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 91(5): 732-742, oct. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1144272

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: El Síndrome de Down se presenta en 2,5 de 1.000 recién nacidos vivos chilenos. Presentan más anomalías congénitas y comorbilidades que la población general, aumentando su tasa de hospitalización. OBJETIVO: Describir las anomalías congénitas y comorbilidades de neonatos con Síndrome de Down nacidos y/u hospitalizados en la década 2008-2018. PACIENTES Y MÉTODO: Retrospectiva mente se revisaron registros de los pacientes nacidos y/u hospitalizados dentro de sus 28 días de vida entre el 1 de enero de 2008 y el 31 de diciembre de 2018. Para cada paciente se consignó: edad materna, antecedentes familiares de Síndrome de Down, antecedentes pre y perinatales y resultado de estudio genético. Se consignó la edad al ingreso, el motivo principal de ingreso, comorbilidades, días de hospitalización y fallecimiento. Se excluyeron dos pacientes con más del 50% de ficha in completa. Se exploraron asociaciones entre morbilidades, anomalías y fallecimiento. RESULTADOS: 140 de 79.506 (0,2%) recién nacidos vivos fueron diagnosticados con Síndrome de Down en el período neonatal. 24,7% fueron prematuros y 26,4% tuvieron bajo peso para su edad gestacional. Los porcentajes de morbilidad y hospitalización fueron 83,6% y 90%. La principal causa de ingreso fue la poliglobulia, y la más frecuente hiperbilirrubinemia. Fallecieron 4 pacientes (2,9%) y 70,7% presentó alguna una anomalía congénita, principalmente cardíaca. La mediana de edad materna fue de 36 años y 57,1% tenía 35 años o más. CONCLUSIONES: Esta investigación aporta información relevante para optimizar el manejo perinatal y el seguimiento de los pacientes con Síndrome de Down.


INTRODUCTION: In Chile, Down syndrome has a prevalence of 2.5 in 1,000 live births. These patients present more congenital anomalies and comorbidities than the general population, increasing their hospitaliza tion rate. OBJECTIVE: To describe congenital anomalies and comorbidities of neonates with Down syndrome born and/or hospitalized between 2008 and 2018. PATIENTS AND METHOD: We conducted a retrospective review of patient's medical records born and/or hospitalized during their first 28 days of life between January 1st, 2008, and December 31st, 2018. For each patient, we recorded maternal age, familiar cases of Down Syndrome, pre and perinatal history, genetic study result, as well as age at admission, reason for hospitalization, comorbidities, length of stay, and death. Two patients that had more than 50% of incomplete medical records were excluded. We studied the associations between comorbidities, congenital anomalies, and death. RESULTS: 140 in 79,506 newborns (0.2%) were diagnosed at our center with Down Syndrome in their neonatal period. 24.7% were born preterm and 26.4% had low birth weight for gestational age. Morbidities and hospitalizations were present in 83.6% and 90%, of the study population, respectively. The main reason for hospitalization was polycythemia and the most frequent was hyperbilirubinemia. Four patients died (2.9%) and 70.7% presented at least one congenital anomaly, mainly heart disease. Median maternal age was 36 years and 57.1% of mothers were aged 35 or older. CONCLUSIONS: This cohort of patients with Down Syndrome provides important information for the optimization of their perinatal management and follow-up.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Anormalidades Múltiplas/epidemiologia , Síndrome de Down/epidemiologia , Anormalidades Múltiplas/diagnóstico , Anormalidades Múltiplas/terapia , Comorbidade , Modelos Logísticos , Chile/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Seguimentos , Síndrome de Down/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Down/terapia , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos
3.
Rev. peru. ginecol. obstet. (En línea) ; 65(1): 21-26, Jan.-Mar. 2019. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, MMyP | ID: biblio-1014497

RESUMO

Introduction: A low Apgar score at one minute is a clinical problem that contributes to neonatal morbidity and mortality. Objective: To identify adverse perinatal results of newborns with low Apgar score. Design: Retrospective, analytical, case-control study. Institution: Hipolito Unanue Hospital in Tacna, Peru. Participants: 2 176 live births with Apgar score below 7 at one minute, single pregnancy, born between 2002 and 2016, compared with 4 352 live births with Apgar score 7-10 selected by simple random sampling. We used the SIP2000 Perinatal Computer System database. Main outcome measures: Absolute and relative frequencies, averages, standard deviation, bivariate analysis, odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals. Results: The frequency of newborns with low Apgar score was 4.1 per 100 live births. Low Apgar score was associated with male sex, prematurity, low weight, small and large for gestational age, and birth by cesarean section. Adverse perinatal results were associated with higher risk of morbidity (OR=5.8), neonatal mortality (OR=41.1), perinatal infection (OR=9.4), respiratory distress syndrome (OR=7.6), congenital malformations (OR=7), birth trauma (OR=5,4), and hyperbilirubinemia (OR=4.9), Conclusion: In our hospital, newborns with a low Apgar score at one minute were at high risk of neonatal morbidity and mortality.


Introducción. El Apgar bajo al minuto de nacimiento es un problema clínico que contribuye a la morbimortalidad neonatal. Objetivo. Conocer los resultados perinatales adversos del recién nacido con Apgar bajo. Diseño. Estudio retrospectivo, analítico, de casos y controles. Institución. Hospital Hipólito Unanue de Tacna, Perú. Participantes. Se estudió 2 176 recién nacidos vivos durante los años 2002 a 2016, con Apgar al minuto menor de 7, de embarazo único, comparados con 4 352 nacidos vivos con Apgar 7 a 10 seleccionados por muestreo aleatorio simple. Se utilizó la base de datos del sistema informático perinatal SIP2000. Principales medidas de resultados. Frecuencias absolutas y relativas, promedios, desviación estándar, análisis bivariado, odds ratio con intervalos de confianza al 95%. Resultados. La frecuencia de recién nacidos con Apgar bajo fue 4,1 por 100 nacidos vivos. Se asociaron al Apgar bajo los recién nacidos de sexo masculino, prematuros, peso bajo, pequeños y grandes para la edad gestacional y nacidos por cesárea. Los resultados perinatales adversos fueron riesgo de morbilidad (OR=5,8), mortalidad neonatal (OR=41,1), infección perinatal (OR=9,4), síndrome de dificultad respiratoria (OR=7,6), malformaciones congénitas (OR=7), traumatismo al nacer (OR=5,4) e hiperbilirrubinemia (OR=4,9). Los fallecidos fueron 79,4% prematuros y 78,7% de peso bajo. Conclusión. El recién nacido con Apgar bajo al minuto en el hospital Hipólito Unanue de Tacna tiene riesgo alto de morbilidad y mortalidad neonatal.


Assuntos
Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Índice de Apgar , Mortalidade Infantil , Morbidade
4.
Rev. inf. cient ; 98(4): 469-480, 2019. tabs
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1023821

RESUMO

Introducción: la enfermedad de la membrana hialina es un problema de salud en la etapa neonatal. Objetivo: caracterizar a los recién nacidos ingresados en la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales del Hospital General Docente Dr Agostinho Neto por enfermedad de la membrana hialina durante los años 2016-2018. Método: se hizo un estudio observacional, descriptivo, prospectivo y longitudinal de 163 recién nacidos que ingresaron en la unidad. Resultados: el 16,4 por ciento de los neonatos ingresados en dicha unidad tenía esta enfermedad y la letalidad fue de 11,0 por ciento. La mayor proporción de éstos eran varones (55,8 por ciento), tenían entre 31,0 y 33,6 semanas de edad gestacional al nacer (28,2 por ciento), pesaron entre 1500,9 y 1999,9 g (27,0 por ciento), tuvieron un Apgar a los 5 minutos de nacidos entre 8 y 10 puntos (58,9 por ciento) y estuvieron en la unidad de 7 a 14 días (40,4 por ciento). El 93,3 por ciento se trató con fármacos inductores de maduración pulmonar y 100,0 por ciento con surfactante y ventilación mecánica convencional (100,0 por ciento). El 84,7 por ciento presentó complicaciones y el 55,6 por ciento falleció por hemorragia intracraneal (55,6 por ciento). Fue común que las madres tuvieran edad entre 19 y 35 años (76,6 por ciento), fueran cesareadas (65,0 por ciento) y presentaron complicaciones relacionadas con el embarazo (82,2 por ciento). Conclusión: la letalidad fue superior en la medida que disminuye la edad gestacional y el peso al nacer, en los que no fueron tratados con fármacos inductores de maduración pulmonar y que presentaron meningoencefalitis(AU)


Introduction: hyaline membrane disease is a health problem in the neonatal stage. Objective: to characterize the newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of the General Teaching Hospital Dr Agostinho Neto " due to hyaline membrane disease during the years 2016-2018. Method: an observational, descriptive, prospective and longitudinal study of 163 newborns who entered the unit was made. Results: 16.4per cent of the infants admitted to this unit had this disease and the lethality was 11.0per cent. The largest proportion of these were male (55.8per cent), were between 31.0 and 33.6 weeks of gestational age at birth (28.2per cent), weighed between 1500.9 and 1999.9 g (27.0 per cent), had an Apgar after 5 minutes of birth between 8 and 10 points (58.9per cent) and were in the unit for 7 to 14 days (40.4per cent). 93.3per cent were treated with pulmonary maturation inducing drugs and 100.0per cent with surfactant and conventional mechanical ventilation (100.0per cent). 84.7per cent presented complications and 55.6per cent died from intracranial hemorrhage (55.6per cent). It was common for mothers to be between 19 and 35 years old (76.6per cent), to be ceased (65.0per cent) and had pregnancy-related complications (82.2per cent). Conclusion: lethality was higher as the gestational age and birth weight decreased, in those who were not treated with pulmonary maturation inducing drugs and who presented meningoencephalitis(AU)


Introdução: a doença da membrana hialina é um problema de saúde no estágio neonatal. Objetivo: caracterizar os recém-nascidos internados na unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal do Hospital Geral de Ensino Dr Agostinho Neto por doença da membrana hialina durante os anos de 2016 a 2018. Método: estudo observacional, descritivo, prospectivo e longitudinal de 163 recém-nascidos que ingressaram na unidade. Resultados: 16,4 por cento dos lactentes internados nessa unidade apresentavam essa doença e a letalidade era de 11,0 por cento. A maior proporção deles era do sexo masculino (55,8 por cento), tinha entre 31,0 e 33,6 semanas de idade gestacional ao nascer (28,2 por cento), pesava entre 1500,9 e 1999,9 g (27,0 por cento), apresentou Apgar após 5 minutos de nascimento entre 8 e 10 pontos (58,9 por cento) e permaneceu na unidade por 7 a 14 dias (40,4 por cento). 93,3 por cento foram tratados com fármacos indutores de maturação pulmonar e 100,0 por cento com surfactante e ventilação mecânica convencional (100,0 por cento). 84,7 por cento apresentaram complicações e 55,6 por cento morreram de hemorragia intracraniana (55,6 por cento). Era comum as mães ter entre 19 e 35 anos (76,6 por cento), cessar (65,0 por cento) e apresentar complicações relacionadas à gravidez (82,2 por cento). Conclusão: a letalidade foi maior com a diminuição da idade gestacional e do peso ao nascer naqueles que não foram tratados com fármacos indutores da maturação pulmonar e que apresentaram meningoencefalite(AU)


Assuntos
Recém-Nascido , Morbidade , Doença da Membrana Hialina/mortalidade , Doença da Membrana Hialina/terapia , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos Longitudinais , Estudos Observacionais como Assunto
5.
Medisan ; 22(7)jul.-ago. 2018.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-955058

RESUMO

Se revisó la bibliografía disponible sobre la morbilidad y mortalidad neonatales, tanto nacional como foránea y se decidió hacer referencia a importantes aspectos relacionados con el tema, entre los cuales figuraron, además de una reseña histórica: clasificación y registro de las causas de muerte (síndrome de dificultad respiratoria, enfermedad de la membrana hialina, infecciones, displasia broncopulmonar y malformaciones congénitas), tipo de parto (complicaciones y prematuridad), así como bajo peso al nacer. De la información obtenida se infirió que el nacimiento de neonatos con insuficiencia ponderal para la edad gestacional, todavía constituye una grave situación de salud en el mundo de hoy, sobre todo en los países tercermundistas, donde no se dispone de recursos suficientes para brindar una adecuada asistencia sanitaria a la población.


The available literature either national or foreign about the neonate morbidity and mortality was reviewed and it was decided to make reference to important aspects related with the topic, among which there were figured, besides a historical review: classification and register of the death causes (distress syndrome, hyaline membrane disease, infections, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and congenital malformations), delivery type (complications and prematurity), as well as low birth weight. Of the obtained information it was inferred that the neonates birth with ponderal inadequacy for the gestational age, still constitutes a severe health situation in today's world, mainly in the third world countries, where enough resources are nor disposable to offer an appropriate health care to the population.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Recém-Nascido , Mortalidade Infantil , Morbidade , Fatores de Risco , Mortalidade Neonatal Precoce , Insuficiência de Crescimento/mortalidade , Mortalidade Perinatal
6.
Rev. ecuat. pediatr ; 17(2): 15-19, 12-2016.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-996523

RESUMO

El número de embarazos múltiples a nivel mundial ha incrementado durante los últimos 20 a 30 años, debido a las técnicas de reproducción asistida (TRA) y al aumento de la edad materna para concebir; dado la importancia de las complicaciones maternas y fetales que se consideran de riesgo, se realizó un estudio analítico de corte transversal, que incluyó todos los embarazos múltiples y su desenlace en el Hospital Gineco Obstétrico Isidro Ayora (HGOIA) desde el 1 de enero hasta el 31 de diciembre del año 2016. Las patologías más frecuentes en madres con embarazo múltiple fueron: amenaza de parto pretérmino, IVU, vaginosis, preeclampsia y anemia; mientras que en los recién nacidos se encontró mayor número de ictericia, enfermedades respiratorias, tales como enfermedad de membrana hialina, taquipnea transitoria del RN, síndrome adaptativo, sepsis, malformaciones congénitas, hipoglucemia, entre otras. El segundo gemelo presentó mayor morbilidad respiratoria, mientras que la mortalidad fue mayor en el gemelo presentado.


The number of multiple pregnancies worldwild has increased during the last 20 to 30 years; it is considered a high risk pregnancy due to the fetal and maternal complications that it involves. It has been made an analytical transversal study that includes all the multiple pregnancies and its outcomes at "Hospital Gineco Obstétrico Isidro Ayora" (HGOIA) since January 1st to December 31th, 2016. The most common maternal pathologies were: risk of premature birth, urinary tract infections, vaginosis, preeclampsia and anemia. In new borns it has been found jaundice, respiratory diseases like hyaline membrane, transient tachypnea of the new born, adaptive sindrome, sepsis, congenital malformations, hypoglycemic, etc. Nonpresentig twins had more respiratory morbidity than presentig twins; whereas mortality was more frequent in presenting twins.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Recém-Nascido , Adulto , Gravidez Múltipla , Mortalidade Infantil , Mortalidade Materna , Doenças em Gêmeos
7.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 85(4): 170-180, 2016 Oct.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25982472

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and prematurity have been associated with increased perinatal morbidity and mortality and also with cardiovascular foetal programming. However, there are few studies on the impact of placenta-related IUGR on perinatal outcomes and cardiovascular biomarkers in pre-term infants. OBJECTIVES: To determine differences in neonatal morbidity, mortality and cord blood biomarkers of cardiovascular dysfunction between pre-term placenta-related IUGR and non-IUGR new-borns, and to analyse their relationship with the severity of IUGR according to foetal Doppler evaluation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective cohort study: pre-term infants with placenta-related IUGR and matched pre-term infants without IUGR. A Doppler scan was performed, and placenta-IUGR was classified according to severity. Comparative analysis of perinatal outcomes, neonatal morbidity and mortality, and cord blood levels of biomarkers of cardiovascular dysfunction was performed. RESULTS: IUGR new-borns present lower weight, length, head circumference, and Apgar score at birth, as well as increased neonatal and cardiovascular dysfunction biomarker levels, compared with pre-term new-borns without IUGR. These differences increase with the severity of IUGR determined by prenatal umbilical artery Doppler scan. CONCLUSIONS: Placenta-related-IUGR pre-term infants, irrespective of gestational age, present increased neonatal morbidity and mortality that is significantly proportional to the severity of IUGR. Placental impairment and severity also determine levels of cardiovascular dysfunction biomarkers at birth.


Assuntos
Retardo do Crescimento Fetal , Cardiopatias/epidemiologia , Insuficiência Placentária , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Masculino , Gravidez , Estudos Prospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
8.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 86(6): 415-425, dic. 2015. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-771660

RESUMO

Introducción: Existe evidencia respecto a que los niños que nacen prematuros moderados y tardíos (PMT) tendrían mayor riesgo de hospitalización, morbilidad neonatal y deficiencias del desarrollo psicomotor (DSM). Objetivo: Determinar, en PMT, la asociación entre el déficit de DSM, edad gestacional y la morbilidad neonatal. Pacientes y método: Estudio caso control anidado en una cohorte de niños nacidos PMT entre los años 2006 y 2009, en una institución privada de la Región Metropolitana. Los niños fueron evaluados con la Escala de Bayley-III de desarrollo infantil a los 8 o 18 meses de edad corregida, o a los 30 meses de edad cronológica. Retrospectivamente se revisaron los registros neonatales. Se generó un modelo de análisis de asociación multivariado para conocer el efecto de la morbilidad neonatal sobre el desarrollo alcanzado. Resultados: Se estudiaron 130 PMT, 25 casos y 105 controles. El 83,8% fue hospitalizado en el periodo neonatal. Hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre casos y controles solo en relación con la edad materna y la hipoglucemia sintomática (OR cruda 3,5, OR ajustada 8,18); se encontró que las variables que afectan de forma negativa el coeficiente de desarrollo son el género masculino, la gemelaridad y la menor edad gestacional. Conclusiones: La hipoglucemia sintomática es el principal factor de riesgo de déficit del DSM, mientras que la gemelaridad, el género masculino y la edad gestacional influyen en el coeficiente de desarrollo global obtenido. Es fundamental desarrollar estrategias de prevención, pesquisa y manejo precoz de esta alteración metabólica para prevenir dificultades del DSM posteriores.


Introduction: There is evidence that children born moderate-to-late preterm (MLP) have a higher risk of hospitalisation, neonatal morbidity, and developmental delay (DD). Objective: To determine the association between DD, gestational age, and neonatal morbidity in MLP children. Patients and method: A case control study design nested in a cohort of MLP children born between 2006 and 2009 at a private hospital located in the Metropolitan area of Santiago. The children were assessed with the Bayley-III Scales of Infant Development at 8 or 18 months corrected age, or at 30 months of chronological age. Neonatal records were retrospectively reviewed. A multivariate analysis was performed to determine the effect of neonatal morbidity on development. Results: A total of 130 MLP children, 25 cases and 105 controls, were studied. Most of them (83.8%) were hospitalised during the neonatal period. Significant differences between cases and controls regarding maternal age and symptomatic hypoglycaemia were observed (crude OR 3.5, adjusted OR 8.18). It was concluded that the variables that negatively affect the rate of development are male gender, being a twin, and gestational age. Conclusions: Symptomatic hypoglycaemia is the main risk factor for DD, while being a twin, male gender, and gestational age influenced the total development rate obtained. It is essential to develop strategies for prevention, screening, and early management of this metabolic disorder to prevent future DD.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Desenvolvimento Infantil/fisiologia , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/epidemiologia , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Doenças do Prematuro/epidemiologia , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/etiologia , Chile , Análise Multivariada , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Idade Gestacional , Idade Materna , Hipoglicemia/complicações
9.
Rev Chil Pediatr ; 86(6): 415-25, 2015.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26471315

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: There is evidence that children born moderate-to-late preterm (MLP) have a higher risk of hospitalisation, neonatal morbidity, and developmental delay (DD). OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between DD, gestational age, and neonatal morbidity in MLP children. PATIENTS AND METHOD: A case control study design nested in a cohort of MLP children born between 2006 and 2009 at a private hospital located in the Metropolitan area of Santiago. The children were assessed with the Bayley-III Scales of Infant Development at 8 or 18 months corrected age, or at 30 months of chronological age. Neonatal records were retrospectively reviewed. A multivariate analysis was performed to determine the effect of neonatal morbidity on development. RESULTS: A total of 130 MLP children, 25 cases and 105 controls, were studied. Most of them (83.8%) were hospitalised during the neonatal period. Significant differences between cases and controls regarding maternal age and symptomatic hypoglycaemia were observed (crude OR 3.5, adjusted OR 8.18). It was concluded that the variables that negatively affect the rate of development are male gender, being a twin, and gestational age. CONCLUSIONS: Symptomatic hypoglycaemia is the main risk factor for DD, while being a twin, male gender, and gestational age influenced the total development rate obtained. It is essential to develop strategies for prevention, screening, and early management of this metabolic disorder to prevent future DD.


Assuntos
Desenvolvimento Infantil/fisiologia , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/epidemiologia , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Doenças do Prematuro/epidemiologia , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Pré-Escolar , Chile , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/etiologia , Feminino , Idade Gestacional , Humanos , Hipoglicemia/complicações , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Masculino , Idade Materna , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco
10.
Medisan ; 18(6)jun. 2014. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-57512

RESUMO

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de todos los nacimientos pretérmino que tuvieron lugar durante el 2013 en el Hospital General Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba, con vistas a determinar su incidencia, las principales causas que lo ocasionan, así como la morbilidad y mortalidad neonatales que genera. La prematuridad, que fue clasificada según edad gestacional, evolución clínica, principales causas y complicaciones, predominó en la categoría de leve (67,2 por ciento), mientras que 41,0 por ciento se produjo de forma espontánea. La enfermedad hipertensiva constituyó la principal causa de su ocurrencia, seguida del síndrome de respuesta inflamatoria fetal. La mortalidad predominó en 63,6 por ciento de los neonatos con prematuridad moderada en la serie. La prematuridad constituye un problema de salud, a pesar de los avances conseguidos, tanto científicos como en la práctica clínica(AU)


A descriptive, prospective and longitudinal study of all preterm births which took place during the 2013 was carried out in Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso General Hospital from Santiago de Cuba, with the objective of determining their incidence, their main causes, as well as the neonatal morbidity and mortality they generate. Prematurity, which was classified according to gestational age, clinical course, main causes and complications, prevailed in the category of mild (67.2 percent), while 41.0 percent took place in a spontaneous way. Hypertensive disease constituted the main cause for its occurrence, followed by the syndrome of fetal inflammatory response. Mortality prevailed in 63.6 percent of neonates with moderate prematurity in the series. Prematurity constitutes a health problem, inspite of the advances achieved, either scientific as in the clinical practice(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Trabalho de Parto Prematuro , Morbidade , Recém-Nascido de Baixo Peso , Técnicas Histológicas , Histologia , Glândula Tireoide/lesões , Neonatologia , Mortalidade Perinatal , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Transversais
11.
Medisan ; 18(6)jun. 2014. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-712631

RESUMO

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de todos los nacimientos pretérmino que tuvieron lugar durante el 2013 en el Hospital General "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" de Santiago de Cuba, con vistas a determinar su incidencia, las principales causas que lo ocasionan, así como la morbilidad y mortalidad neonatales que genera. La prematuridad, que fue clasificada según edad gestacional, evolución clínica, principales causas y complicaciones, predominó en la categoría de leve (67,2 %), mientras que 41,0 % se produjo de forma espontánea. La enfermedad hipertensiva constituyó la principal causa de su ocurrencia, seguida del síndrome de respuesta inflamatoria fetal. La mortalidad predominó en 63,6 % de los neonatos con prematuridad moderada en la serie. La prematuridad constituye un problema de salud, a pesar de los avances conseguidos, tanto científicos como en la práctica clínica.


A descriptive, prospective and longitudinal study of all preterm births which took place during the 2013 was carried out in "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" General Hospital from Santiago de Cuba, with the objective of determining their incidence, their main causes, as well as the neonatal morbidity and mortality they generate. Prematurity, which was classified according to gestational age, clinical course, main causes and complications, prevailed in the category of mild (67.2%), while 41.0% took place in a spontaneous way. Hypertensive disease constituted the main cause for its occurrence, followed by the syndrome of fetal inflammatory response. Mortality prevailed in 63.6% of neonates with moderate prematurity in the series. Prematurity constitutes a health problem, inspite of the advances achieved, either scientific as in the clinical practice.


Assuntos
Recém-Nascido de muito Baixo Peso , Trabalho de Parto Prematuro , Morbidade
12.
Enferm Clin ; 24(5): 269-75, 2014.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24786985

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine the variability in the use of episiotomy among midwives and its relation to third and fourth-degree tears, and the impact on neonatal morbidity. METHOD: A study was conducted on historical groups from a total of 2,366 eutocic births with a single live fetus greater than or equal to 37 weeks gestation and 18 midwives over a three year period (2009, 2010 and 2011) in "Mancha-Centro" Hospital (Alcázar de San Juan).The outcomes variables for this analysis were the incidence of episiotomy, perineal lacerations, and neonatal morbidity. RESULTS: The variability in the use of episiotomy ranged from 19.5% to 50.1% among the 18 midwives in the study, with an average rate of 34.9% (824). Grouped at intervals, 22.1% (524) had a rate of ≤25%, 26.1% (621) between 26-35%, 38% (898) between 36-44%, and 13.7% (323) a rate of ≥45%, with homogeneity between the groups for all the confounding factors. There was no statistical association between higher rates of episotomy and pH of umbilical artery<7.10, Apgar score after 5 min<7, and the level of neonatal resuscitation type iii and iv. There was also no relationship between the rate of episiotomy with perineal integrity and third and fourth-degree tears. DISCUSSION: The variability in the rate of episiotomy is high, and it is not related to the increased presence of third and fourth-degree tears or increased neonatal morbidity. Episiotomy rates should not be greater than 25%, in order to prevent perineal trauma or loss of fetal well-being.


Assuntos
Episiotomia/estatística & dados numéricos , Períneo/lesões , Adulto , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Escala de Gravidade do Ferimento , Tocologia , Padrões de Prática em Enfermagem , Estudos Retrospectivos , Adulto Jovem
13.
Rev Electron ; 39(5)may. 2014. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-58963

RESUMO

Se realizó un trabajo descriptivo de corte transversal sobre la morbimortalidad en la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales del Hospital Regional Sunyani de Ghana, en un periodo de seis meses, desde agosto de 2009 hasta enero de 2010, con el objetivo de determinar el comportamiento de la morbimortalidad de 170 neonatos, que necesitaron de estos servicios en el periodo estudiado. Se revisaron las entidades o eventos clínicos definidos y diagnosticados al egreso, así como la cantidad de pacientes que sobrevivieron y los fallecidos. Los datos fueron obtenidos de historias clínicas y el libro de registro del referido servicio. Los resultados se presentaron en tablas y mediante el empleo de la estadística porcentual. La prematuridad estuvo presente en 89 pacientes (52 por ciento), seguido de la asfixia, en 51 (30 por ciento) y de la sepsis neonatal, en 46 (27 por ciento). Fallecieron 33 neonatos (19,4 por ciento) y sobrevivieron 137 (80,6 por ciento). Las entidades clínicas más frecuentes en los fallecidos fueron: prematuridad en 21 pacientes (63 por ciento), asfixia perinatal en 19 neonatos (57,6 por ciento) y la sepsis en 9 (27,3 por ciento). Un paciente falleció (0,6 por ciento) con diagnóstico de tétanos neonatal. La letalidad y la sobrevida se comportaron como en la generalidad de los países en vías de desarrollo (AU)


A descriptive and cross sectional study was made at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Sunyani Regional Hospital in Ghana from August, 2009 to January, 2010, with the objective to determine the behavior of the morbidity and mortality of 170 neonates that needed the service. The study included the review of the entities and clinical events defined and diagnosed at discharge, as well as the number of patients that survived and the deceased. The information was collected from the medical records and registers of the service. The results were displayed in tables and by means of percentage statistics. Prematurity was present in 89 patients (52 percent), followed by asphyxia in 51 newborns (30 percent) and neonatal sepsis in 46 (27 percent); and 137 survived (80,6 percent). The most frequent clinical entities for mortality causes were: prematurity in 21 patients (63 percent), perinatal asphyxia in 19 patients (57,6 percent), and sepsis in 9 patients (27, 3 percent). A patient died of neonatal tetanus (0, 6 percent). Lethality and survival behaved as in other developing countries (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Mortalidade Infantil , Terapia Intensiva Neonatal , Gana , Morbidade
14.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 81(1): 39-44, 2014 Jul.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24286869

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: In the last decades has increased significantly The birth of children from 37 to 38 weeks of gestation, a period called early term, has significantly increased in the past twenty years or so, parallel to the increase in induced deliveries and the cesarean rate. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Retrospective cohorts population study, which included those babies born between 37 and 41 weeks of gestation in the period 1992-2011 (n=35.539). This population was divided into two cohorts, early term newborn (RNTP) of 37-38 weeks (n=11,318), and full term newborn (RNTC), of 39-41 weeks of gestation (n=24,221). The rates of cesarean section, neonatal unit admission, respiratory morbidity, apnea and need for assisted ventilation, hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy, hypoglycemia, seizures, hypoxic-ischemia encephalopathy, need for parenteral nutrition and early sepsis were all reviewed. RESULTS: There was a progressive increase in the number of caesarean sections throughout the period studied (from 30.9% to 40.3%). The cesarean section rate was higher in RNTP than in the RNTC (38.3% vs 31.3%, P<.0001). On comparing the two groups, significant differences were found in the rate of admission to neonatal unit, 9.1% vs 3.5% (P<.0001); respiratory morbidity (hyaline membrane 0.14% vs 0.007% [P<.0001], transient tachypnea 1.71% vs 0.45% [P<.0001], mechanical ventilation 0.2% vs 0.07% [P<.009], continuous positive airway pressure 0.11% vs 0.01% [P<.0001]), phototherapy 0.29% vs 0.07% (P<.0001), hypoglycemia 0.54% vs 0.11% (P<.0001), parenteral nutrition 0.16% vs 0.04% (P<.0001). There were no significant differences in the rate of early sepsis, pneumothorax, aspiration syndromes, seizures and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. CONCLUSIONS: In our environment, there is a significant number of RNTP, which have a significantly higher morbidity than newborns RNTC registered. After individualizing each case, it is essential not end a pregnancy before 39 weeks of gestation, except for maternal, placental or fetal conditions indicating that continuing the pregnancy may increase the risk for the fetus and/or the mother.


Assuntos
Doenças do Prematuro/epidemiologia , Idade Gestacional , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Estudos Retrospectivos
15.
Rev. cuba. obstet. ginecol ; 39(4): 343-353, oct.-dic. 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-60350

RESUMO

Introducción: según la Organización Mundial de la Salud, aproximadamente el 40 por ciento de los partos prematuros están precedidos de ruptura prematura de membranas. Objetivo: identificar la morbilidad y mortalidad neonatal de las pacientes que presentaron rotura prematura de membranas pretérmino entre las 28,0 y 32,6 sem en el Hospital Ginecoobstétrico Ramón González Coro. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de 45 gestantes con rotura prematura de membranas pretérmino, entre las 28,0 y 32,6 sem de edad gestacional, que ingresaron en el Hospital Ginecobstétrico Ramón González Coro, entre enero de 2006 y diciembre de 2008. Se utilizó el porcentaje, las frecuencias, datos de contingencia y medias. La información fue procesada en el paquete estadístico SPSS 11.5. Resultados: el 48,9 por ciento pesó menos de 1 500 g; el 22,0 por ciento presentó síndrome de distrés respiratorio y enfermedad de membrana hialina; el 60,0 por ciento de los que continuaron con una conducta expectante por más de 8 días luego de culminado el tratamiento antimicrobiano tuvieron sepsis neonatal; el 50,0 por ciento presentó enfermedad de membrana hialina luego de 8 días de administrados los inductores de la madurez pulmonar fetal; todos los fallecidos pesaron menos de 1 500 g(AU)


Introduction: according to the World Health Organization, approximately 40 percent of preterm births are preceded by premature rupture of membranes. Objective: to identify neonatal morbidity and mortality in patients who had premature rupture of membranes between 28.0 and 32.6 weeks at Ramón González Coro Maternity Hospital. Methods: a retrospective study was conducted in 45 pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membranes between 28.0 and 32.6 wk gestational age, they were admitted to Ramón González Coro Maternity Hospital, from January 2006 to December 2008. Percentage, frequencies, and average data contingency were estimated. The information was processed using SPSS 11.5.Results: 48.9 percent weighed less than 1 500 g, 22.0 percent had respiratory distress syndrome and hyaline membrane disease, 60.0 percent of those who continued with watchful approach for more than 8 days after completed antimicrobial treatment, had neonatal sepsis, 50.0 percent had hyaline membrane disease after 8 days receiving inducers of fetal lung maturity, all dead cases weighed less than 1 500 g. Conclusions: about half of these infants weighing less than 1 500 g. Hyaline membrane disease and neonatal sepsis were the most common complications. Hyaline membrane disease was predominant in those who completed steroid therapy for more than eight days. Neonatal mortality was significant in infants weighing less than 1 500 g(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Recém-Nascido , Ruptura Prematura de Membranas Fetais/epidemiologia , Morte Fetal , Doença da Membrana Hialina , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório do Recém-Nascido , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Retrospectivos
16.
Rev. cuba. obstet. ginecol ; 39(4): 343-353, oct.-dic. 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-701890

RESUMO

Introducción: según la Organización Mundial de la Salud, aproximadamente el 40 % de los partos prematuros están precedidos de ruptura prematura de membranas. Objetivo: identificar la morbilidad y mortalidad neonatal de las pacientes que presentaron rotura prematura de membranas pretérmino entre las 28,0 y 32,6 sem en el Hospital Ginecoobstétrico "Ramón González Coro". Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de 45 gestantes con rotura prematura de membranas pretérmino, entre las 28,0 y 32,6 sem de edad gestacional, que ingresaron en el Hospital Ginecobstétrico Ramón González Coro, entre enero de 2006 y diciembre de 2008. Se utilizó el porcentaje, las frecuencias, datos de contingencia y medias. La información fue procesada en el paquete estadístico SPSS 11.5. Resultados: el 48,9 % pesó menos de 1 500 g; el 22,0 % presentó síndrome de distrés respiratorio y enfermedad de membrana hialina; el 60,0 % de los que continuaron con una conducta expectante por más de 8 días luego de culminado el tratamiento antimicrobiano tuvieron sepsis neonatal; el 50,0 % presentó enfermedad de membrana hialina luego de 8 días de administrados los inductores de la madurez pulmonar fetal; todos los fallecidos pesaron menos de 1 500 g. Conclusiones: aproximadamente la mitad de los recién nacidos tuvo un peso inferior a los 1 500 g. La enfermedad de membrana hialina y la sepsis neonatal fueron las complicaciones más frecuentes. Predominó la enfermedad de membrana hialina en los que concluyeron la terapia esteroidea por más de 8 días. La mortalidad neonatal fue significativa en los recién nacidos con peso inferior a 1 500 g.


Introduction: according to the World Health Organization, approximately 40 % of preterm births are preceded by premature rupture of membranes. Objective: to identify neonatal morbidity and mortality in patients who had premature rupture of membranes between 28.0 and 32.6 weeks at Ramón González Coro Maternity Hospital. Methods: a retrospective study was conducted in 45 pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membranes between 28.0 and 32.6 wk gestational age, they were admitted to Ramón González Coro Maternity Hospital, from January 2006 to December 2008. Percentage, frequencies, and average data contingency were estimated. The information was processed using SPSS 11.5. Results: 48.9 % weighed less than 1 500 g, 22.0 % had respiratory distress syndrome and hyaline membrane disease, 60.0 % of those who continued with watchful approach for more than 8 days after completed antimicrobial treatment, had neonatal sepsis, 50.0 % had hyaline membrane disease after 8 days receiving inducers of fetal lung maturity, all dead cases weighed less than 1 500 g. Conclusions: about half of these infants weighing less than 1 500 g. Hyaline membrane disease and neonatal sepsis were the most common complications. Hyaline membrane disease was predominant in those who completed steroid therapy for more than eight days. Neonatal mortality was significant in infants weighing less than 1 500 g.

17.
Perinatol. reprod. hum ; 27(3): 153-160, 2013. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-703489

RESUMO

Introducción: El embarazo gemelar se considera una entidad con alto riesgo de salud perinatal. En nuestra institución, el porcentaje de recién nacidos vivos, producto de embarazos gemelares dobles, varía entre 4.8 y 6.5%. Los embarazos múltiples tienen un impacto mayor en los sistemas de salud, debido a mayor frecuencia de complicaciones. Objetivo: Describir las características maternas y neonatales asociadas al embarazo gemelar doble de la población atendida en el Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes y determinar las diferencias de morbilidad entre el primero y el segundo gemelo. Material y métodos: El estudio se llevó a cabo del 1 de enero de 2007 al 31 de diciembre del 2008. Se incluyeron todos los recién nacidos vivos, producto de embarazos gemelares dobles. Se realizó estadística descriptiva mediante tablas de frecuencia y estadística analítica, para el contraste entre gemelos. Resultados: Se incluyeron 654 casos de recién nacidos producto de embarazos gemelares dobles. El embarazo fue espontáneo en el 92%. La preeclampsia fue la morbilidad materna más frecuente y se presentó en el 14.8% de los casos. La principal morbilidad encontrada en los recién nacidos fue restricción de crecimiento intrauterino (55.2%) y prematurez en el 54.9%. No hubo diferencias significativas en la morbilidad entre el gemelo uno y el gemelo dos. Conclusiones: Debido a una mayor morbilidad materna y neonatal en el embarazo gemelar doble es necesario realizar medidas preventivas en el periodo perinatal, para disminuir complicaciones.


Introduction: The twin pregnancy is considered a high risk entity. In our institution, the percentage of live newborns due to double pregnancies varies between 4.8 and 6.5%. Multiple pregnancies have a greater impact on health systems due to high rate of complications. Objective: To describe the maternal and neonatal characteristics of twin pregnancies at the Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, and determine differences in morbidity between the first and second twin. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in the all newborns products of twin pregnancies from January 1st 2007 to December 31st 2008 were included. Descriptive statistics by means of tables and analytical statistics was used to compare the twins. Results: A total of 654 newborn cases from 327 twin pregnancies were included. Spontaneous pregnancy was found in 92%. Preeclampsia was the most common cause of maternal mortality presented in 14.2% of the pregnancies. Intrauterine growth restriction was found in 55.2% and prematurity in 54.9%. No statistical differences were observed in the morbidity between the first and the second twin. Conclusions: Due to an increased maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality observed in twin pregnancies, measures to prevent complications most be applied during the perinatal period.

18.
Perinatol. reprod. hum ; 27(3): 161-165, 2013. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-703490

RESUMO

Introducción: En los últimos años ha habido un incremento de recién nacidos cercanos a término; esta prematurez tardía se asocia con un aumento en la morbilidad y mortalidad neonatal, por lo que es interesante conocer las diferencias en la morbilidad de este grupo de pacientes, en comparación con los recién nacidos a término. Objetivo: Evaluar la morbimortalidad temprana y durante el primer mes de vida del prematuro tardío en comparación con el recién nacido a término. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio comparativo de dos cohortes de recién nacidos. Grupo 1: recién nacidos prematuros tardíos de 34 a 36.6 semanas de gestación, y Grupo 2: recién nacidos a término. Se compararon 15 variables relacionadas a morbimortalidad. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva, para la comparación entre grupos t de Student y para comparar la morbilidad se determinó el riesgo relativo con el 95% de intervalo de confianza. Resultados: Se incluyeron 59 prematuros tardíos y 69 nacidos a término. De los factores maternos estudiados no hubo diferencias significativas. Respecto a los neonatos, existió un mayor riesgo del prematuro tardío para hiperbilirrubinemia (OR: 1.7 con IC 95% 1.1-2.65, reflujo gastroesofágico 1.8 con IC 95% 1.1-2.9 y dificultad en la alimentación (OR 1.66 con IC 95% 1.14-2.4). Conclusiones: Los riesgos de morbilidad encontrados en el prematuro tardío son aquellos que se presentan por su propia prematurez. No se encontró morbilidad en el prematuro tardío, secundaria a patología materna asociada.


Introduction: In recent years there has been an increase in the number of births of infants near term; this late prematurity is associated with increased neonatal morbidity and mortality, so it is important to know the differences in morbidity in this group of patients compared with term newborns, during the first month of life. Objective: To evaluate the early morbidity and during the first month of life of late preterm compared with term infants. Material and methods: We performed a comparative study of two cohorts of infants. Cohort 1: Late preterm infants from 34 to 36.6 weeks of gestation and Cohort 2; term infants. The morbidity was recorded during the first month of life, 15 variables were measure. We used descriptive statistic, for comparison between groups Student's t and to compare morbidity between groups the relative risk with 95% confidence interval. Results: We included 59 late preterm and 69 term infants. Of the maternal factors studied no statistically significant difference was found; respect to neonatal morbidity, we identified a great risk in the late preterm risk for hyperbilirubinemia (OR 1.7, CI 95% 1.1-2.65), gastroesophageal reflux (OR 1.8, CI 95% 1.1-289) and feeding difficulties (OR: 1.66, CI 95% 1.14-2.42). Conclusions: The risk of morbidity in late preterm found are those related to their own prematurity. In this study, there was no pathology associated with maternal morbidity in late preterm.

19.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 69(6): 442-449, nov.-dic. 2012. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-701170

RESUMO

Introducción. El enfoque del programa Seguro Médico para una Nueva Generación (SMNG) es brindar protección social y financiera gratuita para aquellas familias que carecen de un sistema de aseguramiento médico. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar nichos de oportunidad en el programa SMNG de México, para mejorar la atención médica de los niños financiados por este seguro. Métodos. Se calcularon y analizaron nueve indicadores de desempeño descritos en las reglas de operación del SMNG y se realizó una revisión documental conforme a lo normado por el Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social. Resultados. Tres indicadores de desempeño fueron deficientes. La revisión documental reveló algunas fallas en la calidad del llenado de la base de datos de 6,440 niños de 128 hospitales acreditados. De ellos, solamente 51.9% ingresaron en las primeras 24 horas de vida. La mortalidad global fue de 4.43%, con diferencias por entidades federativas de 0 a 18.8%, predominando hipoxia intrauterina, enterocolitis necrotizante y hernia diafragmática. De 108 enfermedades, 41 representaron 90.9% de los niños atendidos. Conclusiones. Se recomienda mejorar la eficiencia de tres de los indicadores de desempeño. Con respecto a la revisión documental, se requiere ampliar la información y la calidad de los datos clínicos consignados en la base de datos, promover un ingreso más oportuno de los niños al hospital y analizar las diferencias en la mortalidad entre las entidades federativas.


Background. The focus of the program "Medical Insurance for a New Generation" (SMNG) is to offersocial and economic protection and to eliminate costs for those families who lack medical insurance coverage. The objective was to identify niches of opportunity in the program to improve health care for children funded by the SMNG. Methods. With information provided by the SMNG, nine "performance indicators" were calculated and described in the rules of operation of the SMNG and a "documentary review" was carried out in accordance with the National Council of Social Development Policy Evaluation. Results. Three of the "performance indicators" were poor. The "documentary review" revealed some faults in the quality of completing the database of 6,440 children and 128 accredited hospitals. Of these, only 51.9% were admitted in the first 24 h of birth. Overall mortality was 4.43%, with differences according to federal entities from 0.0% to 18.8%. There was a predominance of intrauterine hypoxia, necrotizing enterocolitis and diaphragmatic hernia. From 108 diseases, 41 represented 90.9% of all children admitted. Conclusions. It is necessary to improve the efficiency of three of the "performance indicators:" in regard to the "documentary review" it will be required to expand information and the quality of the clinical information contained in the database; promote more timely admission of children to the hospital; and analyze mortality differences among the federal entities.

20.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 110(5): 394-403, oct. 2012. ilus, graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-657478

RESUMO

Introducción. La red neonatal de los hospitales públicos porteños desarrolla una estrecha vigilancia de la evolución de los neonatos con menos de 1500 g (RNMBPN), pues contribuyen en gran medida a la morbimortalidad neonatal. Objetivo. Analizar la morbimortalidad de los RNMBPN y determinar la mortalidad ajustada por riesgo utilizando el puntaje de la Red Neonatal de los países del cono sur de América (NEOCOSUR). Material y métodos. Se incluyeron todos los recién nacidos vivos en hospitales de la red con peso de 500-1500 g desde 2008 a 2010. Los datos se registraron prospectivamente con metodología estandarizada. Se calcularon las tasas de mortalidad, morbilidad y la mortalidad ajustada por riesgo según puntaje de NEOCOSUR. Resultados. En el período del estudio nacieron 92 698 niños de los cuales 1,26% pesó menos de 1500 g. Sólo 40,4% recibió corticoides antenatales completos. Un 62,7% desarrolló síndrome de difcultad respiratoria, 5,4% enterocolitis, 10,1% hemorragia endocraneana y 13,4% retinopatía grave. La sepsis precoz fue del 5,6%, la tardía de 9,6%. Un 10,7% presentó displasia broncopulmonar. La mortalidad neonatal fue del 29,2% y la ajustada sin malformados graves, 25,4%. La supervivencia de niños con peso =750 g y edad gestacional =26 semanas fue de 50%. El cociente mortalidad observada/esperada fue de 1,04, con gran variabilidad. Conclusiones. El porcentaje de RNMBP que recibió corticoides antenatales es bajo. La incidencia de sepsis y la proporción de niños con ROP grave son elevadas. La mortalidad ajustada por riesgo es superior a la esperada.


Introduction. The Neonatal Network of Public Hospitals in the city of Buenos Aires closely monitors the progress of newborn infants with a birth weight less than 1500 g (very low birth weight, VLBW) because it largely contributes to neonatal morbidity and mortality. Objective. To analyze the morbidity and mortality of VLBW infants and determine their riskadjusted mortality using the score of the South American Neonatal Network (Red Neonatal de los países del Conosur de América, NEOCOSUR). Material and Methods. Live infants born in the network hospitals with a birth weight of 500-1499 g between 2008 and 2010 were included in the study. Data was recorded prospectively using a standardized methodology. Mortality, morbidity and risk-adjusted mortality rates according to the NEOCOSUR score were estimated. Results. There were 92,698 infants born during the study period. Of them, 1.26% weighed less than 1500 g at birth. Only 40.4% of these received a full course of antenatal corticosteroids. A total of 62.7% of these developed respiratory distress syndrome, 5.4% enterocolitis, 10.1% intracranial hemorrhage, and 13.4% severe retinopathy. Early sepsis was observed in 5.6%, and late sepsis in 9.6%. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia was present in 10.7% of the cases. Neonatal mortality was 29.2%, and the adjusted mortality with no major malformations was 25.4%. Survival of infants with a birth weight of =750 g and a gestational age of =26 weeks was 50%. The observed/expected mortality ratio was 1.04, with a large variability. Conclusions. The percentage of VLBW infants who received antenatal corticosteroids was low. The incidence of sepsis and the rate of infants with severe retinopathy of prematurity are high. The risk-adjusted mortality is higher than expected.


Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Recém-Nascido de muito Baixo Peso , Doenças do Recém-Nascido/epidemiologia , Argentina , Hospitais Públicos , Doenças do Recém-Nascido/mortalidade , Estudos Prospectivos , Medição de Risco , Saúde da População Urbana
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